World Health Organization (WHO) reported that in 2012, approximately 7 million people - one in eight total global deaths - as a result of exposure to air pollution 3. However, approximately 3 billion people in the world are exposed to air pollution from biomass burning, originating from using wood or coal as cooking fuel in simple stoves, home heating with open fires, deforestation, and agricultural practices 1.īiomass burning emits significant quantities of known pollutants hazardous to health, including several carcinogenic compounds 2. Most of the overwhelming amount of research on exposure to air pollution is focused on urban centers and on the role of fossil fuels as the most important source of atmospheric pollutants. In addition, the results of this study support the establishment of new guidelines for human health protection in regions strongly impacted by biomass burning. Our study provides new data that will help elucidate the mechanism of PM 10-mediated lung cancer development. The PM 10 concentrations observed during Amazon biomass burning were sufficient to induce severe adverse effects in human lung cells. Interestingly, retene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon present in PM 10, is a potential compound for the effects of PM 10, causing DNA damage and cell death.
Continued PM 10 exposure activated apoptosis and necrosis. Exposing human lung cells to particulate matter smaller than 10 µm (PM 10), significantly increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory cytokines, autophagy, and DNA damage. This work is the first study to present an integrated view of the effects of inhalable particles present in emissions of biomass burning. In the Brazilian Amazon population, over 10 million people are directly exposed to high levels of pollutants resulting from deforestation and agricultural fires. However, approximately half of the world's population is exposed to air pollution caused by biomass burning emissions.
Most of the studies on air pollution focus on emissions from fossil fuel burning in urban centers.
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